Photos:
Rwanda are knocked out of the Cecafa tournament by Tanzania in the quarterfinals. PHOTO/Mpalanyi Ssentongo
newvision
Rwanda 0 Tanzania 2 (Kiemba 34', Bocco 54')
Burundi 0 Zanzibar 0 (Zanzibar wins 6-5 through penalties)
Tanzania’s Kilimanjaro Stars are now in the Cecafa semifinals after seeing off Rwanda’s Amavubi in a difficult two-goal clash at Lugogo, Kampala.
A goal on either half of the Monday game by Amri Kiemba and John Bocco, respectively were responsible for Rwanda’s end in this year’s tournament.
Despite the Tanzanians generally looking more mature in play, the Rwandans proved to be more dangerous in attacks, especially in the dying minutes of the game.
Bocco's goal elevates him to the top scorer position in this tournament with five goals alongside his fellow countryman Yanga's Mrisho Ngassa who had come into the quarterfinal as the leading scorer.
The first game of the tournament’s knockout stage started off on a high, with both sides tapping the ball around, but hardly ever managing a significant breakthrough.
An early free-kick for Rwanda, and a first corner for Tanzania both ended fruitless. If there was any rush for a goal either side, it was really never evident in the opening minutes.
Not much of the ball was seen nearer the edge of either goal as most of the balls remained glued within the crowded midfield. Plenty of good passes – often one-twos up and about – but with such a closed-in game, it wasn’t much.
The Rwandans bossed the ball better through the first quarter of the first half, but whenever the Tanzanians got hold of the ball, they managed to drive the ball forward.
Ngassa, arguably one of the tournament's best and lethal players, was overmarked and had little space to roll the ball foward. It is no wonder he got into an early melee with A.P.R.'s Jean-Claude Iranzi for what seemed in protest for the Tanzanian's invaded space.
The Amavubi seemed to have better luck goalwards up the right wing as were their opponents up the left wing towards the opposite direction.
And the game surely had gradually opened up, allowing the midfield more room and the wings a more feel of the balls.
Half way into the firsthalf, a ball lobbed high into the Rwandan box floated dangerously for main target Ngassa, but the top scorer stretched more than he could get his foot onto the ball.
The ball possession that had been a part of the Amavubi desserted them as the break approached. And there was all reason to believe that the Stars were edging close to an openener courtesy of repeated attacks towards A.P.R. keeper Jean-Claude Ndoli.
Simba FC's Mwinyi Kazimoto dribbled his way ingeniously into the box, and cut a weighed pass into the path of Kiemba who tapped it comfortably into the back of the net.
The opener spurred the speed of the game even further, with the Tanzanians coming close to a second shortly after.
But the Rwandans, faced with an uphill task of a coming back, utilized every opportunity that they seized. Ismael Nshutiyamagara made a hasty attempt goalwards at a time when he should have taken his time to convert in a potential equalizer. And another last minute freekick for the trailing side was swang off target.
Haruna Niyonzima, who plays for Young Africans in Tanzania, carelessly earned a booking when he smacked Ngassa in the side of the head after a brief encounter.
Rwanda's top goal scorer (with two) and DR Congo-based player Daddy Birori battled luck throughout the game but never got to convert his attempts into the back of the net. He put up a genuinely spirited fight but it just was never his day.
The second half saw a change in the dimension of the play, with the Rwandans quicker on the ball than before. But the Tanzanians seemed to have settled into the play, especially with the hot weather taking good toll on the players.
Then the strike came. A hard shot that bounced off Ndoli ricochets back to a lurking John Bocco who taps it home but not without a slight injury in a clash with the goalstopper. Another massive reaction needed by the Rwandans.
An uncertain call for a penalty by Rwanda was ignored by the referee.
It was clear the Amavubi were not ready to give up, evidenced by a scramble for a potential comeback in the last minutes of the match. But their opponents clang on to their advantage and never let go through to the end.
In the other quarterfinal clash, Zanzibar made a surprise advance to the last four of the tournament after shaking off Burundi 6-5 though spot-kicks.
After normal time of a goalless normal time of play, the heated game settled for the penalties decider in which both captains of the two sides missed converting their penalties.
Monday's quarterfinals games produced call it, 'bizarre' developments. Two close neighbours (Rwanda and Burundi) are eliminated, and two other close neighbours (Tanzania and Zanzibar) are through. And more interestingly, two other close neighbours (Uganda and Kenya) play tomorrow (Tuesday).
The only difference with the last pair from the other two is that they will not be facing off each other. Well, atleast for now.
Burundi came into the game as clear favorites over their coastal opponents. But then the expectations of the encounter were overturned when the Zanzibarians put up a committed challenge.
A brief jolt of 800C heat can stop flash memory wearing out, researchers in Taiwan have found.
Flash memory is widely used in computers and electronic
gadgets because it is fast and remembers data written to it even when
unpowered.
However, flash memory reliability suffers significantly after about 10,000 write and read cycles.
Using heat, the researchers have found a way to "heal" flash memory materials to make them last 100 million cycles.
Hot chip
Heat has long been known to help heal degraded materials in
old flash memory. But because the heat healing process meant baking the
memory chip in an oven at 250C for hours, few saw it as a practical
solution.
Researchers at electronics company Macronix have found a way
around this by re-designing chips to put a heater alongside the memory
material that holds the data.
In a paper due to be presented at the International Electron
Devices Meeting 2012, the Macronix researchers said their onboard heater
applied a jolt of heat to small groups of memory cells. Briefly heating
those locations to about 800C returned damaged memory locations to full
working order.
The re-designed memory chip was safe, they said, because very
small areas were being heated for only a few milliseconds. The process
also consumed small amounts of power so should not significantly reduce
battery life on portable gadgets, they said.
Tests carried out by Macronix on the novel memory chips shows
that they can last at least 100 million write and read cycles. The true
upper limit of their reliability has not been plumbed, the researchers told IEEE Spectrum,
because it takes weeks to write and read data tens of millions of
times, even to fast memory chips. Testing for billions of cycles would
take "months", said the researchers.
Macronix said it planned to capitalise on its research but
gave no date for when the improved flash memory might start appearing in
gadgets.
WANAFUNZI WA HADY NURSERY AND PRIMARY SCHOOL WAKIPATA ZAWADI ZAO ZA KUFUNGIA MWAKA 2012
By Gadiola Emanuel - 6:09:00 AM
Nokia has asked courts in the US, UK and Canada to block sales of rival Blackberry smartphones.
It follows a patent dispute between the Finnish company and Blackberry's parent, Research In Motion (RIM).
Nokia says an earlier ruling means RIM is not allowed to
produce devices that offer a common type of wi-fi connectivity until it
agrees to pay licence fees.
All current Blackberries would be affected. RIM had no comment.
It is the latest legal distraction for the Canadian company
as it prepares to launch an operating system that could determine its
survival.
Share drop
Nokia's action comes two months after an arbitration ruling by the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce in Sweden.
The organisation had been asked to act as an arbitrator in a
dispute over RIM's use of handsets and tablets featuring wireless active
network (WLAN) connections to the internet.
RIM had argued that an earlier licensing deal with Nokia meant
it should not have to pay a separate fee for the technologies. However,
the tribunal disagreed.
After news of Nokia's latest action was revealed by Computerworld magazine, RIM's shares fell more than 10% in after-hours trading in New York.
When contacted by the BBC, Nokia confirmed it had taken
action "with the aim of ending RIM's breach of contract", adding it
would also continue to pursue a separate case against RIM in Germany involving antenna, email and navigation technologies.
Nokia noted it had licensed its intellectual property rights
to more than 40 other companies. The revenue from such deals helps
justify its current $11.8bn (£7.4bn) market valuation.
Patent wars
RIM is also fighting several other patent lawsuits at this time.
They include a dispute with Washington-based patent portfolio
owner SoftVault Systems, which alleges RIM has infringed its
anti-piracy DRM (digital rights management) technologies.
RIM is also involved in a case against California-based
Lochner, which is suing a number of big-name tech firms over the way
their devices play videos streamed over the internet.
RIM has itself sued others in the past over patents, including
Motorola - before the handset division was bought by Google - and the
instant message software Kik,
However, the timing of the clash with a big-player like Nokia
could be particularly troubling as it comes less than three months
before RIM plans to release its first Blackberry 10 handsets.
"RIM has had a tough time losing market segment to other
smartphones. And the future of the business is now going to be based on
the success of its new operating system, which itself has been delayed,"
said UK-based patent attorney Andrew Alton, from Urquhart-Dykes &
Lord, who has previously acted for Apple.
This is the cover story of the November 21, 2011, issue of Forbes Magazine.
The Republic of Chad, a landlocked desert dictatorship once described
by FORBES as the planet’s most corrupt, is a strange place to find Bill Gates.
Yet there he was in September, beside Chad’s Qaddafi-trained president,
General Idriss Deby. “He and I walked around giving polio drops to a
bunch of kids,” recalls Gates. “I shared in confidence with him some
views of how he might be even more effective in the way he manages his
campaign.”
Yes, a far cry from hunkering down with Paul Allen in an Albuquerque motel to reimagine how the world conveys information, or with Warren Buffett
in Sun Valley to brainstorm the future of philanthropy. But to Gates
diplomacy with thugs is now just as important, a dispassionate component
of what he views as his final legacy. “The metric of success is lives
saved, kids who aren’t crippled,” says Gates. “Which is slightly
different than units sold, profits achieved. But it’s all very
measurable, and you can set ambitious goals and see how you do.”
Notice the words: metric, measurable, goals. While Gates’
vaccine-based giving—closing in on $6 billion to fight measles,
hepatitis B, rotavirus and AIDS, among others—is part of the largest,
most human-driven philanthropy in the history of mankind, what’s missing
in his language are the individual humans.
In many ways that’s the point. Gates’ clipped manner in discussing
the children he and his wife met in India and Africa (“Melinda and I
spend time with these kids, and we see that they’re suffering; they’re
dying”) disappears when the underlying numbers come up, his speech
getting more rapid, his voice ever higher. “A 23-cent vaccine,” he says,
“and you’ll never get measles,” a disease that “at its peak was killing
about a million and a half a year; it’s down below 300,000.” Gates
rattles off milestones in the history of global health and the prices of
vaccines down to the penny, but blanks on the name of one of his
favorite vaccine heroes, John Enders, the late Nobel laureate, or Joe
Cohen, a key inventor of the new malaria vaccine Gates helped bankroll.
It’s heady, historic stuff: America’s richest man—he’d be the world’s
richest had he not already given away so much money—still in his prime
(he just turned 56), with the reputation, resources and determination to
stamp out infectious disease. “I’d be deeply disappointed,” says Gates,
if in the next 25 years he can’t lower the death toll by 80%.
Otherwise, “we’re just not doing our job very well.”
Sitting with Gates, overlooking the Bill and Melinda Gates
Foundation’s gleaming new $500 million campus, full of glimmering
reflecting pools and glass edifices, it’s possible to see a future with
exponentially less pain and suffering. It’s also a remarkably incisive
exercise in getting inside the brain of one of history’s greatest
business visionaries. By dissecting with him and his wife, Melinda, how
he tackles this grand human problem, you can also learn intuitively how
he built Microsoft. How a mechanical genius methodically tackles an
abstract problem. And perhaps most of all, how power and capital—both
literal and political—can be spent to maximize positive impact on the
world.
Bill Gates’ plan to eradicate disease stems from a bold concept: The
demographic theories of Thomas Malthus, generally accepted for the past
two centuries, are wrong. Specifically, that subsistence eventually
translates into population growth, and population growth eventually
translates into misery.
Bill and Melinda Gates grappled with this concept years before
forming their foundation, and months before even getting married, on a
prewedding 1993 African safari. Their vacation had been planned around
watching predators and prey—Darwin in action. “You go to see the
animals, and you go to see the savanna, and it’s gorgeous,” says
Melinda. But they instead found themselves pondering that classic
Malthusian riddle: “Why is that woman walking along the road with sticks
on her head, a baby in the belly and a baby on the back?” Gates had no
immediate reason to challenge 200 years of dogma: “We know how to get
agricultural productivity up, but not that much,” he says. “Jobs,
unrest, education—a high population density makes solving all those
problems harder.”
So in 1997, when he and Melinda first ventured into public
health—their eponymous foundation would come into being in two
years—they focused on birth control, funding a Johns Hopkins effort to
use computers to help women in the developing world learn about
contraception. The logic was crisp and Bill Gates-friendly. Health =
resources ÷ people. And since resources, as Gates noted, are relatively
fixed, the answer lay in population control. Thus, vaccines made no
sense to him: Why save kids only to consign them to life in overcrowded
countries where they risked starving to death or being killed in civil
war?
It wasn’t dissimilar from the formula that he was developing behind a
multibillion-dollar push into education reform. In that case, he based
his giving on this formula: Success = teachers ÷ students. Smaller class
sizes would result in more attention per student and smarter kids.
But much as Gates loves elegant solutions, his greatest achievements
have resulted from perseverance and adaptability. It took three versions
to get Windows right, and the Xbox originally lost billions. He’s not
afraid to challenge assumptions when they don’t work. And in education
he’s had a clear reversal: Class size, it turns out, is not the best
determinant of student outcome. Teacher quality is. So after spending a
fortune, Gates shifted course.
That same epiphany for his public health philanthropy came even
earlier. Bill’s dad had set up a dinner at Seattle’s posh Columbia Tower
Club with the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH).
While the meeting started with birth control—among other efforts, PATH
taught Chinese condom makers to test their products before shipping
them—Gates began consuming data that startled him. In society after
society, he saw, when the mortality rate falls—specifically, below 10
deaths per 1,000 people—the birth rate follows, and population growth
stabilizes. “It goes against common sense,” Gates says. Most parents
don’t choose to have eight children because they want to have big
families, it turns out, but because they know many of their children
will die.
“If a mother and father know their child is going to live to
adulthood, they start to naturally reduce their population size,” says
Melinda.
In terms of giving, Gates did a 180-degree turn. Rather than prevent
births, he would aim his billions at saving the kids already born. “We
moved pretty heavily into vaccines once we understood that,” says Gates.
He could have focused on clinics and doctors, but that doesn’t scale.
“The magic tool of health intervention is the vaccine, because they can
be made very inexpensively,” he says. “We had to choose what the most
impactful thing to give would be—not just money, but our time, energy,
voice.” Melinda, his partner in all things philanthropic, echoes that
thought: “Where’s the place you can have the biggest impact with the
money? Where can you save the very most lives with those resources?”
More heavily than anyone ever had—even John D. Rockefeller, whose
Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research pushed many key discoveries
in 20th-century virology—he changed the global dialogue when it came to
vaccines, which a decade ago had become controversial because of
now-disproved autism fears. The first Gates vaccine donation, $100
million, directed at the United Nations and administered by PATH,
focused on getting existing vaccines to kids. To celebrate the gift,
Bill and Melinda hosted a dinner for vaccine experts at their
66,000-square-foot home on Lake Washington. After Gates asked his
guests, “What could you do if you had even more money?” the room
exploded with new ideas. That’s when he decided to blow up his original
foundation and, in 1999, reconstitute it as the Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation, endowed with $21 billion, instantly making it one of the
largest charities in the world. The endowment is now $36 billion, with
$25 billion given away.
But the vaccine epiphany just unlocked an entirely new set of
problems. Yes, he could use his money to save lives through original
research. Gates’ munificence has resulted in vaccines for meningitis and
malaria. And yes, he could keep increasing the efficacy of those
vaccines by creating a so-called cold chain—a storage and distribution
system within host countries. He’s done that, too.
But again he ran into the scale problem, one inherently market-based. How do you encourage Merck, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline
and other pharma giants to produce enough expensive vaccines for
children who need them most but can afford them least? The answer, Gates
increasingly believed, lay in making Adam Smith’s invisible hand more
visible, giving the newly formed market a benevolent shove in the
direction of free enterprise.
Here’s the truest definition of power: When you have the ability to
not just solve a problem but also to create a sustainable market that
addresses it. “There was nobody you could a write a check to,” remembers
Gates, who stood ready a decade ago to buy billions of vaccine doses.
In the 1980s Unicef had tripled the percentage of children who got basic
vaccines for polio, diphtheria, tetanus and other diseases by
corralling public funds, negotiating on price with other aid agencies
and deploying thousands of aid workers to deliver them. But those
efforts still fell woefully short of the need, and new medicines hitting
the U.S. market faced an intolerable 15-to-20-year lag before reaching
the kids of Tanzania or Nicaragua. “The chance of death from those
diseases is 50 times greater in poor kids than in rich kids!” says
Gates, his voice rising.
The first critical step, he realized, was forging a lasting
public-private partnership. The public half of that equation was solved
quickly with his checkbook: Previous attempts had faltered due to lack
of funds and infighting among aid organizations over scarce dollars. But
the private component was trickier. Compared with manufacturing pills,
making vaccines is difficult and expensive. Drug companies wanted to
immunize kids in, say, Afghanistan, but couldn’t count on demand that
would be large and predictable enough to cover their costs. They faced
the unappetizing choice of being humane or profitable.
So back in 1999 Gates traveled to Bellagio, Italy to hammer out a
solution, along with Unicef, the World Bank, the UN, various pharmas and
aid groups. The result was the Global Alliance for Vaccines &
Immunisation, now called the GAVI Alliance, which Gates ultimately
backed with a $2.5 billion pledge and personal will, exhibiting the
tough-guy tactics, when necessary, that earned Microsoft
the fear of its rivals and enmity of U.S. antitrust regulators. “Bill
was a little like a poker player who put a lot of chips on the table and
scared everyone else off,” says Seth Berkley, who ran a Gates-funded
AIDs vaccine effort and is now GAVI’s chief executive.
Gadiola Emanuel
Rihanna is officially my Thanksgiving style inspiration. The girl isn't afraid to work oversize pieces, which are so important tomorrow, the most gloriously pie-filled of holidays.
Behold: Exhibit A.
The pop star launched her new album, Unapologetic, in New
York City last night, wearing a baggy leather tee and matching pants by
Damir Doma. To offset the androgynous look, she added some
ultra-feminine touches, like pointy pumps, retro curls, fire engine red
lipstick, and a chunky gold Chanel chain necklace.
And now, Exhibit B.
Sure, there are plenty of menswear-inspired looks out there, but Rihanna really went for it when she wore actual menswear to a performance in London this week—a tank and trousers from Acne and an overcoat from Raf Simons, to be exact.
Look how happy she looks! That is the face of someone unrestrained by waistbands, or, god forbid, Spanx.
Artificial Wombs: Is a Sexless Reproduction Society in Our Future?
By Gadiola Emanuel - 6:18:00 AM
In “Like a Virgin: How Science is Redefining the Rules of Sex,”
author and genetic scientists, Aarathi Prasad writes, “This might be
the biological and social equalizer, a truly new way of thinking about
sex.”
Cornell University’s Dr. Hung-Ching Liu has engineered
endometrial tissues by prompting cells to grow in an artificial uterus.
When Liu introduced a mouse embryo into the lab-created uterine lining,
“It successfully implanted and grew healthy,” she said in this New Atlantis Magazine article. Scientists predict the research could produce an animal womb by 2020, and a human model by early 2030s.
In Japan, Juntendo University researcher Yosinori Kuwabara
and his team kept goat fetuses growing for ten days. While this womb
was only a prototype, Kuwabara predicts that a fully functioning
artificial womb capable of gestating a human fetus will evolve in the
near future.
However, ethicists voice concerns that this technology could endanger
the very meaning of life. Mother-child relationships, the nature of
female bodies, and being ‘born’, not ‘made’ all play a role in defining
how most people around the world view this magical state of existence
called life. Artificial wombs will enable both men and women to
reproduce entirely alone, removing intercourse from the reproductive
equation.
But proponents believe people will reason,
“Why risk gestating the baby in a biological womb, when this new
science can produce a child with our exact genetic makeup, perfect
personality, and zero flaws.”
“The womb is a dark and dangerous place,
a hazardous environment,” says University of Virginia Professor Joseph
Fletcher. Fetuses are 100% dependent on their mom’s health and sensible
judgment. If the mother falls prey to accidents, disease, or inadequate
nutrition, the embryo can become traumatized.
Although naysayers believe that this bold science makes us less
human, most experts predict that artificial wombs will one day be
accepted by mainstream society as more people recognize its many
benefits. Babies would no longer be exposed to alcohol or illegal drugs
by careless mothers, and the correct body temperature would always be
maintained, with 100% of necessary nutrients provided.
Concerns
over losing emotional bond between mother and newborn are unwarranted,
say scientists. Artificial intelligence advances expected over the next
two decades will enable doctors to reproduce exact parent emotions and
personalities via vocal recordings, movement, and other sensations. The
developing infant would be maintained in a safe secure environment,
connected electronically to the mother 24/7.
In the near term though, experts predict most women will probably
gestate their children the old-fashioned way; but career-minded females
might welcome a concept that allows them to bear children and raise a
family without becoming pregnant, a physical condition that often
weakens their job status.
Ultimately, this technology would enable anyone – single, married,
male, female, young, old, heterosexual or gay – to combine DNA from his
or her own body with another person; and the gene pool marches on; a
clean birth without pain or morning sickness.
As this science matures, people could freeze eggs and sperm in their
teen years when they are most physically fit; then create children later
when ready for a family. Artificial wombs may sound radical, but people
already donate eggs and sperm to create life in a lab and bring it to
term in a surrogate mother.
In an unusual twist, this technology offers justification to pro-lifers in the abortion debates.
Choosing an abortion to protect a mother’s health would not be
necessary, as artificial wombs could bring all aborted embryos to term.
Unwanted pregnancies would no longer mean a death sentence for the
unborn.
As we move into the future, this procedure could become the
preferred method of birthing; but today, many disagree. Some see
artificial wombs as a triumph of modern science; others believe it’s the
ultimate folly. We ask again; is a sexless reproduction society in our
future? Time will tell. Comments welcome.
1. FC Barcelona 36,729,314
2. Real Madrid 32,948,405
3. Manchester United 28,620,778
4. Chelsea 13,820,181
5. AC Milan 12,206,000
6. Arsenal 11,808,394
7. Liverpool 10,551,509
8. Galatasaray 7.588,218 million
9. Fenerbahรงe 6,105,258
10. Bayern Munich 5,296,356
5. AC Milan 12,206,000
6. Arsenal 11,808,394
7. Liverpool 10,551,509
8. Galatasaray 7.588,218 million
9. Fenerbahรงe 6,105,258
10. Bayern Munich 5,296,356
RAIS Dr. JAKAYA KIKWETE AZINDUA MIRADI YA BARABARA MANYONI-ITIGI-CHAYA na ISSUNA-MANYONI MKOANI SINGIDA LEO
By Gadiola Emanuel - 9:17:00 AM
Sehemu ya barabara mpya iliyozinduliwa na Rais Kikwete karibu na mji wa Katesh mkoani Manyara
Sehemu ya barabara mpya karibu na mji wa Manyoni iliyozinduliwa leo na Rais Kikwete
Sehemu ya barabara mpya iliyozinduliwa na Rais Kikwete mkoani Manyara
Rais Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete akikata utepe kuzindua ujenzi wa Barabara ya Manyoni-Itigi-Chaya mkoani Singida
Rais Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete akizindua ujenzi wa Barabara ya
Manyoni-Itigi-Chaya mkoani Singida . Pembeni yake kulia ni Waziri wa
Ujenzi Dkt John Pombe Magufuli
Rais Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete akikata utepe kufungua rasmi
barabara ya Issuna-Manyoni akiwa na viongozi wa serikali na wa TANROADS
pamoja na wabunge wa mkoa wa Singida
Rais Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete akihutubia wakati wa sherehe za
uzinduzi wa ujenzi wa Barabara ya Manyoni-Itigi-Chaya mkoani Singida
Rais Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete akipozi na viongozi wa serikali na wa
kampuni ya ujenzi baada ya kuzindua ujenzi wa Barabara ya
Manyoni-Itigi-Chaya mkoani Singida.Picha na IKULU
Jukwaa Umepambwa na umepambika.
Taa za kutosha zinazomulika Jukwaa hilo.
Meneja wa
Kinywaji cha Redd's Original,Victoria Kimaro akisikiliza maelezo kutoka
kwa Afisa Habari wa Miss Tanzania,Hidan Ricco kuhusiana na maandalizi ya
Shindano la Redd's Miss Tanzania 2012 linalotajariwa kufanyika kesho
kwenye ukumbi wa Hoteli ya Blue Peal,Ubungo Plaza jijini Dar.
Hili ndilo Van la Star Tv ambalo ni maalum kwa kurusha kila kitakachokuwa kikiendelea ukumbini hapo.
Mashine za Kisasa ndani ya Van hiyo.
Wadau wakiangalia Van ya Star Tv.
Mafundi Mitambo wakiweka sawa mambo. Pics by 8020 Fashions